GCGovComp.app

City of Los Angeles / Animal Services

Agency file

Animal Services

Source file: City of Los Angeles Controller — City Employee Payroll / ingested Jun 17, 2026

The Animal Services is a government agency that delivers public services and programs within its jurisdiction.

In 2025, this agency had 566 employees with median total compensation of $51,185; the highest distinct record was $331,122.

Year
2025
Total payroll
$32.3M
Employees
566
Median total
$51,185
Highest record
$331,122

What the records show

Compensation analytics

These summaries compare pay within the agency before listing individual records.

Salary distribution

How 2025 total compensation is spread across the 566 employees. Each bar is a pay range; taller bars mean more people earn in that range. The amber line marks the median ($51,185) — half earn less, half more. The far-right bar collects the highest earners.

Average pay composition

  • Base$43,787 (77%)
  • Overtime$1,360 (2%)
  • Other$2,363 (4%)
  • Benefits$9,510 (17%)

What an average paycheck here is made of — base salary versus overtime, other pay (bonuses, allowances), and benefits. A large overtime or other-pay share means take-home often exceeds base salary.

Pay percentiles

10th
25th
Median
75th
90th
$0
$2,723
$51,185
$100,550
$121,115

The pay ladder for this department. Someone at the 90th percentile earns $121,115 — more than 90% of the department; the 10th percentile earns $0. The shaded band is the middle half of employees (25th–75th percentile).

Largest job titles

The most common job titles in this department by headcount, with the median total compensation for each. Click a title to see everyone who holds it.

Trend

Year over year

How this department's total payroll, headcount, and median pay changed across the 2 published years.

YearTotal payrollEmployeesMedian pay
2024
$30.1M
413
$82,342
2025
$32.3M
7.1%
566
37.0%
$51,185
37.8%

Record list

Employees

Page 2

Noah Krieger

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$346
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$346
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$346
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
303138313334
Row ID
253031383133346XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Noah Krieger serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $346. They are represented by Xx.

Tyger Rodriguez

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$291
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$291
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$291
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
383434383833
Row ID
253834343838336XXXX-XPV

Tyger Rodriguez holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $291. They are represented by Xx.

Chloe Gray

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$277
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$277
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$277
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
323932383234
Row ID
253239323832346XXXX-XPV

Chloe Gray works as a Na for Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. Chloe earned $277 in 2025. They are represented by Xx.

Elexiz Padron

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$252
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$252
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$252
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343236303035
Row ID
2534323630303560703-0PT

At Animal Services, Elexiz Padron serves as a Relief Animal Care Worker within Equipment Operation and Labor. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $252. They are represented by 04.

Eduardo Martinez Herrera

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$230
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$230
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$230
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
303234353833
Row ID
253032343538336XXXX-XPV

Eduardo Martinez Herrera holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $230. They are represented by Xx.

Alondra Villalobos

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$224
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$224
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$224
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343737323135
Row ID
2534373732313560703-0PT

Alondra Villalobos holds the role of Relief Animal Care Worker at Animal Services within Equipment Operation and Labor. Their status is part-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $224. They are represented by 04.

Marisol Cervantes

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$186
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$132
Other pay
$54
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$186
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
373330303135
Row ID
253733303031356XXXX-XPV

Marisol Cervantes is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $186. Their bargaining unit is Xx.

Shayla Jones Mcdowell

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$146
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$146
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$146
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
313735313733
Row ID
253137353137336XXXX-XPV

Shayla Jones Mcdowell is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $146. They are represented by Xx.

Amanda Mccoy

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$79
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$79
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$79
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353131343733
Row ID
253531313437336XXXX-XPV

Amanda Mccoy works as a Na for Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. Amanda earned $79 in 2025. Union affiliation: Xx.

Cynthia Renteria

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$79
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$79
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$79
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
363331303933
Row ID
253633313039336XXXX-XPV

Cynthia Renteria holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $79. Union affiliation: Xx.

Irsula Castillo

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$78
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$78
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$78
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
373032313733
Row ID
253730323137336XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Irsula Castillo serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $78. Union affiliation: Xx.

Curtis Harper

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$72
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$72
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$72
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353637333933
Row ID
253536373339336XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Curtis Harper serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $72. Union affiliation: Xx.

Beila Castro

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$72
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$72
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$72
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
323431303933
Row ID
253234313039336XXXX-XPV

Beila Castro holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $72. Union affiliation: Xx.

Jaime A Hernandez Mendez

Administrative Clerk/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$65
Sub-department
Clerical
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$65
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$65
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
03

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
1358-0
Job Status
Active
Record Number
353337333035
Row ID
2535333733303561358-0PT

At Animal Services, Jaime A Hernandez Mendez serves as a Administrative Clerk within Clerical. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $65. They are represented by 03.

Noah Martinez

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$61
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$61
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$61
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
393138333134
Row ID
253931383331346XXXX-XPV

Noah Martinez holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $61. Their bargaining unit is Xx.

Keith Ward

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$60
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$60
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$60
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
383138333134
Row ID
253831383331346XXXX-XPV

Keith Ward holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $60. They are represented by Xx.

Anna Vigil

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$52
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$52
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$52
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343137383035
Row ID
253431373830356XXXX-XPV

Anna Vigil is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $52. They are represented by Xx.

David Barragan

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$52
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$52
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$52
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343636373234
Row ID
253436363732346XXXX-XPV

David Barragan holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $52. Union affiliation: Xx.

Daniel Orellana

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$23
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$23
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$23
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
333532323035
Row ID
253335323230356XXXX-XPV

Daniel Orellana is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $23. Union affiliation: Xx.

Alivia Session

Customer Service Representative/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$7
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$7
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$7
Employment type
Full-Time

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
1230-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353133333035
Row ID
2535313333303561230-0FT

Alivia Session holds the role of Customer Service Representative at Animal Services. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $7.

Adriana Wilson

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$2
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$2
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$2
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
313331393733
Row ID
253133313937336XXXX-XPV

Adriana Wilson works as a Na for Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. Adriana earned $2 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is Xx.

Tyler Porter

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343133333135
Row ID
253431333331356XXXX-XPV

Tyler Porter is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $0. Their bargaining unit is Xx.

Gerae Vernon

Administrative Clerk/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Clerical
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
03

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
1358-0
Job Status
Active
Record Number
353133383433
Row ID
2535313338343361358-0PT

Gerae Vernon is a Administrative Clerk at Animal Services within Clerical. They work part-time. 2025 total compensation came to $0. Union affiliation: 03.

Staycee Dains

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
313331373035
Row ID
253133313730356XXXX-XPV

Staycee Dains works as a Na for Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. Staycee earned $0 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is Xx.

Riley Jones

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
363135333135
Row ID
253631353331356XXXX-XPV

Riley Jones is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $0. Union affiliation: Xx.

Guadalupe Mendoza Tapia

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343430333135
Row ID
253434303331356XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Guadalupe Mendoza Tapia serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. They are represented by Xx.

Christopher Vallin

Administrative Clerk/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Clerical
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
03

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
1358-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
363338333135
Row ID
2536333833313561358-0PT

At Animal Services, Christopher Vallin serves as a Administrative Clerk within Clerical. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. Union affiliation: 03.

Caleb Fields

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
393936333135
Row ID
2539393633313560703-0PT

At Animal Services, Caleb Fields serves as a Relief Animal Care Worker within Equipment Operation and Labor. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. Their bargaining unit is 04.

Bernadine Marconi

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
373135333135
Row ID
253731353331356XXXX-XPV

Bernadine Marconi is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $0. They are represented by Xx.

Amelie Chuan

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
323837323135
Row ID
253238373231356XXXX-XPV

Amelie Chuan is a Na at Animal Services within Na. They work per event. 2025 total compensation came to $0. They are represented by Xx.

Georgia Mills

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
343939323135
Row ID
2534393932313560703-0PT

Georgia Mills works as a Relief Animal Care Worker for Animal Services within Equipment Operation and Labor. Their status is part-time. Georgia earned $0 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is 04.

Vincent Manzano

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353936333135
Row ID
2535393633313560703-0PT

Vincent Manzano is a Relief Animal Care Worker at Animal Services within Equipment Operation and Labor. They work part-time. 2025 total compensation came to $0. They are represented by 04.

Monica Ramos

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
303637333933
Row ID
2530363733393360703-0PT

Monica Ramos works as a Relief Animal Care Worker for Animal Services within Equipment Operation and Labor. Their status is part-time. Monica earned $0 in 2025. Union affiliation: 04.

Kaela Robinson

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353939323135
Row ID
253539393231356XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Kaela Robinson serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. Union affiliation: Xx.

Felix Moreno Morales

Recreation Assistant/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Recreation Assistants
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
07

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
2498-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
373837323135
Row ID
2537383732313562498-0PT

Felix Moreno Morales works as a Recreation Assistant for Animal Services within Recreation Assistants. Their status is part-time. Felix earned $0 in 2025. They are represented by 07.

Angel Vidal

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
383330333135
Row ID
2538333033313560703-0PT

At Animal Services, Angel Vidal serves as a Relief Animal Care Worker within Equipment Operation and Labor. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. Their bargaining unit is 04.

John Lopez

Relief Animal Care Worker/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Equipment Operation and Labor
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Part-Time
Union / bargaining unit
04

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
0703-0
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
383133333135
Row ID
2538313333313560703-0PT

At Animal Services, John Lopez serves as a Relief Animal Care Worker within Equipment Operation and Labor. They work part-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. Union affiliation: 04.

Holly Dimuccio

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353135333135
Row ID
253531353331356XXXX-XPV

Holly Dimuccio holds the role of Na at Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. In 2025, their total compensation was $0. Union affiliation: Xx.

Destinie Hinds

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
373633353733
Row ID
253736333537336XXXX-XPV

Destinie Hinds works as a Na for Animal Services within Na. Their status is per event. Destinie earned $0 in 2025. Union affiliation: Xx.

Josseline Gonzalez

Na/Animal Services

2025 total comp
$0
Sub-department
Na
Base pay
$0
Overtime
$0
Other pay
$0
Benefits
$0
Total compensation
$0
Employment type
Per Event
Union / bargaining unit
Xx

Source-specific fields

FMS Department Code
6
Job Class Pay Grade
XXXX-X
Job Status
Not active
Record Number
353430333135
Row ID
253534303331356XXXX-XPV

At Animal Services, Josseline Gonzalez serves as a Na within Na. They work per event. Their 2025 pay totaled $0. They are represented by Xx.