- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $350
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,242
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001525393099
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $88,242
Mary Ellen Enoch works as a Associate Governmental Program Analyst for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Mary earned $88,242 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is R01.
Byron Leigh IvAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $350
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,242
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- R
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001525393025
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $88,242
Byron Leigh Iv works as a Associate Governmental Program Analyst for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Byron earned $88,242 in 2025. Union affiliation: R01.
Carol WindersAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $350
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,242
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- A
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001525393100
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $88,242
Carol Winders holds the role of Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $88,242. They are represented by R01.
- Base pay
- $87,470
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,170
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
- Middle name
- L
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,694
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006049210519
- Salary Total
- $7,463
- Total Pay
- $88,170
At Industrial Relations, Anna Lissa Manuel serves as a Workers' Compensation Consultant. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $88,170. They are represented by R01.
Cady NguyenAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $74,407
- Overtime
- $12,987
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,094
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Orange
- Middle name
- M
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,333
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4004555393987
- Salary Total
- $6,393
- Total Pay
- $88,094
Cady Nguyen is a Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $88,094. Their bargaining unit is R01.
Mary ThorAssociate Management Auditor/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,376
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,076
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,781
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001254159008
- Salary Total
- $7,548
- Total Pay
- $88,076
Mary Thor is a Associate Management Auditor at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $88,076. Union affiliation: R01.
Hope GarrettAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $125
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,017
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
- Middle name
- N
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007945393058
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $88,017
Hope Garrett works as a Associate Governmental Program Analyst for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Hope earned $88,017 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is R01.
Renee AlcarazWorkers' Compensation Consultant/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,675
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $325
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $88,000
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- San Bernardino
- Middle name
- G
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,324
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007969210566
- Salary Total
- $8,274
- Total Pay
- $88,000
Renee Alcaraz holds the role of Workers' Compensation Consultant at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $88,000. Union affiliation: R01.
- Base pay
- $74,413
- Overtime
- $12,873
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,985
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R02
- Work county
- Riverside
- Middle name
- R
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,783
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005489502552
- Salary Total
- $6,470
- Total Pay
- $87,985
Estralita Douglas works as a Deputy Labor Commissioner I for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Estralita earned $87,985 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is R02.
Patt KadrlikWorkers' Compensation Consultant/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,424
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $550
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,974
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Los Angeles
- Middle name
- A
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,470
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007929210029
- Salary Total
- $7,470
- Total Pay
- $87,974
Patt Kadrlik holds the role of Workers' Compensation Consultant at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2024, their total compensation was $87,974. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $87,155
- Overtime
- $103
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,958
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R07
- Work county
- Shasta
- Middle name
- L
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,621
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4004308612455
- Salary Total
- $7,469
- Total Pay
- $87,958
Jaclyn Avila holds the role of Special Investigator at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,958. Their bargaining unit is R07.
Mary RamirezAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $0
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,892
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- San Francisco
- Middle name
- R
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005005393015
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $87,892
Mary Ramirez holds the role of Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,892. They are represented by R01.
- Base pay
- $87,892
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $0
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,892
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- R
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005055393008
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $87,892
Jennifer Stevens is a Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,892. They are represented by R01.
- Base pay
- $87,126
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,826
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Los Angeles
- Middle name
- C
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,695
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007029485304
- Salary Total
- $7,464
- Total Pay
- $87,826
Cristen Harrington works as a Apprenticeship Consultant for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Cristen earned $87,826 in 2025. Union affiliation: R01.
- Base pay
- $72,323
- Overtime
- $9,223
- Other pay
- $6,219
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,765
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- M
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,836
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001071317002
- Salary Total
- $6,631
- Total Pay
- $87,765
Michaela Aragon holds the role of Senior Personnel Specialist at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,765. Union affiliation: R01.
Bernice WangAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,044
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,744
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001025393143
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $87,744
At Industrial Relations, Bernice Wang serves as a Associate Governmental Program Analyst. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $87,744. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $87,208
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $450
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,658
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R02
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- S
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,853
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005339536127
- Salary Total
- $7,490
- Total Pay
- $87,658
Arif Siddiqui holds the role of Deputy Labor Commissioner II at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,658. Union affiliation: R02.
Yvette PinaLegal Support Supervisor I/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $83,685
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,970
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,655
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S04
- Work county
- Los Angeles
- Middle name
- C
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,510
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006671277063
- Salary Total
- $6,982
- Total Pay
- $87,655
Yvette Pina is a Legal Support Supervisor I at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,655. Their bargaining unit is S04.
Gilbert ChanInformation Technology Specialist I/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,114
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $525
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,639
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,257
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001761402011
- Salary Total
- $8,422
- Total Pay
- $87,639
Gilbert Chan works as a Information Technology Specialist I for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Gilbert earned $87,639 in 2025. Their bargaining unit is R01.
Aaron MagleoSenior Accounting Officer (Supervisor)/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $83,298
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $4,320
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,618
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- P
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,268
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001064569901
- Salary Total
- $7,050
- Total Pay
- $87,618
Aaron Magleo holds the role of Senior Accounting Officer (Supervisor) at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,618. They are represented by S01.
- Base pay
- $83,873
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,720
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,593
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- E48
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- T
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,531
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001074800901
- Salary Total
- $7,305
- Total Pay
- $87,593
Joshua Keeton is a Staff Services Manager I at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,593. They are represented by E48.
Jasper CaiWorkers' Compensation Compliance Officer/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,010
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $550
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,560
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Los Angeles
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,079
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007859338080
- Salary Total
- $7,837
- Total Pay
- $87,560
Jasper Cai is a Workers' Compensation Compliance Officer at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,560. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $83,685
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,795
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,480
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S04
- Work county
- San Francisco
- Middle name
- P
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,510
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4003301277061
- Salary Total
- $6,982
- Total Pay
- $87,480
Jillian Payuran is a Legal Support Supervisor I at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,480. Union affiliation: S04.
- Base pay
- $87,011
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $450
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,461
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R02
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- E
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,615
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005639502166
- Salary Total
- $7,263
- Total Pay
- $87,461
At Industrial Relations, Breanna Roberts serves as a Deputy Labor Commissioner I. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $87,461. Union affiliation: R02.
Kojo GaisieWorkers' Compensation Consultant/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $86,754
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,454
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- O
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,693
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007939210687
- Salary Total
- $7,462
- Total Pay
- $87,454
Kojo Gaisie is a Workers' Compensation Consultant at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,454. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $83,493
- Overtime
- $13
- Other pay
- $3,920
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,426
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S01
- Work county
- Alameda
- Middle name
- R
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,098
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001084800901
- Salary Total
- $7,098
- Total Pay
- $87,426
Cynthia Sandoval works as a Staff Services Manager I for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Cynthia earned $87,426 in 2024. Union affiliation: S01.
- Base pay
- $87,142
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $275
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,417
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- San Diego
- Middle name
- K
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,851
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006761229159
- Salary Total
- $7,615
- Total Pay
- $87,417
Cathryn Zuniga holds the role of Hearing Reporter at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,417. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $86,654
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $712
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,366
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- C
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,530
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001304800128
- Salary Total
- $7,304
- Total Pay
- $87,366
At Industrial Relations, Jordan Seavers serves as a Staff Services Manager I. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $87,366. Union affiliation: S01.
Allison HinesWorkers' Compensation Consultant/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,154
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $200
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,354
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
- Middle name
- N
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,009
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007599210415
- Salary Total
- $8,009
- Total Pay
- $87,354
Allison Hines is a Workers' Compensation Consultant at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,354. Union affiliation: R01.
- Base pay
- $87,174
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $175
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,349
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
- Middle name
- A
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,324
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007599210014
- Salary Total
- $8,074
- Total Pay
- $87,349
Jessica Powers holds the role of Workers' Compensation Consultant at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,349. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $80,781
- Overtime
- $6,103
- Other pay
- $450
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,333
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S02
- Work county
- Los Angeles
- Middle name
- E
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,439
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005139504054
- Salary Total
- $7,095
- Total Pay
- $87,333
At Industrial Relations, Luicelle Covarrubias serves as a Deputy Labor Commissioner III. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $87,333. They are represented by S02.
John GregoreSupervising Special Investigator I (Non-Peace Officer)/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $87,325
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $0
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,325
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S07
- Work county
- Sacramento
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $8,102
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4004888549904
- Salary Total
- $7,940
- Total Pay
- $87,325
John Gregore is a Supervising Special Investigator I (Non-Peace Officer) at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,325. They are represented by S07.
Anny LiAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $53,199
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $34,069
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,268
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,114
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001275393105
- Salary Total
- $7,114
- Total Pay
- $87,268
Anny Li is a Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2023 total compensation came to $87,268. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $86,538
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $675
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,213
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- M
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4005805393042
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $87,213
Santiago Morales Jr works as a Associate Governmental Program Analyst for Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. Santiago earned $87,213 in 2025. They are represented by R01.
- Base pay
- $53,875
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $33,281
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,156
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,093
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007945157197
- Salary Total
- $6,093
- Total Pay
- $87,156
Yu Tsz Manchan is a Staff Services Analyst at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $87,156. Their bargaining unit is R01.
- Base pay
- $83,685
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,470
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,155
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S04
- Work county
- Sacramento
- Middle name
- A
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,510
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006731277057
- Salary Total
- $6,982
- Total Pay
- $87,155
Yvette Llamas holds the role of Legal Support Supervisor I at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,155. They are represented by S04.
- Base pay
- $83,685
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,470
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,155
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S04
- Work county
- Los Angeles
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,510
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006841277054
- Salary Total
- $6,982
- Total Pay
- $87,155
Sonia Lujano is a Legal Support Supervisor I at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $87,155. They are represented by S04.
- Base pay
- $83,685
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $3,470
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,155
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- S04
- Work county
- Santa Clara
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $6,510
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4006781277040
- Salary Total
- $6,982
- Total Pay
- $87,155
At Industrial Relations, Melissa Ledesma serves as a Legal Support Supervisor I. They work full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $87,155. Their bargaining unit is S04.
- Base pay
- $86,912
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $225
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,137
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Alameda
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,693
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4007099485279
- Salary Total
- $7,693
- Total Pay
- $87,137
Jeanne-Mairie Duval is a Apprenticeship Consultant at Industrial Relations. They work full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $87,137. Their bargaining unit is R01.
Jagdeep KangAssociate Governmental Program Analyst/Industrial Relations
- Base pay
- $86,408
- Overtime
- $0
- Other pay
- $700
- Benefits
- $0
- Total compensation
- $87,108
- Employment type
- Full-Time
- Union / bargaining unit
- R01
- Work county
- Sacramento
Source-specific fields
- Base Pay
- $7,547
- Cs/csu
- Cs
- Position Number
- 4001075393182
- Salary Total
- $7,321
- Total Pay
- $87,108
Jagdeep Kang holds the role of Associate Governmental Program Analyst at Industrial Relations. Their status is full-time. In 2025, their total compensation was $87,108. They are represented by R01.