Human Services Department

Sub-department

CFS CPM Child DevelopmentSvcs

Base pay

$111,481

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,481

Hire date

2012-09-04

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

22

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Scott Parker is a Childrens Services Program Supervisor at Human Services Department within Cfs Cpm Child Developmentsvcs. Their tenure dates to 2012, about 12 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $111,481. Their bargaining unit is Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

CFS CS&P Northstar Care

Base pay

$111,481

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,481

Hire date

2006-04-17

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

22

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Kathleen Hiniker holds the role of Childrens Services Program Supervisor at Human Services Department within Cfs Cs&P Northstar Care. Their tenure dates to 2006, about 18 years as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,481. Their bargaining unit is Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

CFS CS&P FamilySupp&PlaceSvcs

Base pay

$111,478

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,478

Hire date

2000-10-23

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

22

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Deborah Beske Brown is a Childrens Services Program Supervisor at Human Services Department within Cfs Cs&P Familysupp&Placesvcs. Hired in 2000, they have about 24 years of service, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $111,478. Their bargaining unit is Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

CFS CS&P Northstar Care

Base pay

$111,475

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,475

Hire date

2005-06-27

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

22

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Mical Peterson holds the role of Childrens Services Program Supervisor at Human Services Department within Cfs Cs&P Northstar Care. They have served since 2005 (about 19 years) as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,475. They are represented by Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

CBHH Fergus Falls Nursing

Base pay

$106,512

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$4,934

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,446

Hire date

2014-06-04

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

57

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Otter Tail

Mary Scherr is a Registered Nurse at Human Services Department within Cbhh Fergus Falls Nursing. Their tenure dates to 2014, about 10 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $111,446. Their bargaining unit is MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

Psychology Department

Base pay

$103,836

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$7,560

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,396

Hire date

2022-08-17

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

18

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Anoka

Kristin Neville works as a Psychologist 3 for Human Services Department within Psychology Department. Hired in 2022, they have about 2 years of service as a full-time employee. Kristin earned $111,396 in 2024. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

Unit Hotel

Base pay

$109,741

Overtime

$316

Other pay

$1,333

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,390

Hire date

2003-06-04

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Anoka

Carrie Carpenter works as a Registered Nurse Senior for Human Services Department within Unit Hotel. Hired in 2003, they have about 21 years of service as a full-time employee. Carrie earned $111,390 in 2024. Union affiliation: MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

MSOCS South East Residential

Base pay

$93,177

Overtime

$11,004

Other pay

$7,204

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,385

Hire date

1985-02-19

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Steele

At Human Services Department, Lisa Dudley serves as a Community Residential Supervisor within Msocs South East Residential. Their tenure dates to 1985, about 39 years, working full-time. Their 2024 pay totaled $111,385. Union affiliation: Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

ADSA Disability Services Admin

Base pay

$109,118

Overtime

$158

Other pay

$2,101

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,377

Hire date

2000-06-13

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Charles Young Jr holds the role of Human Services Program Consultant at Human Services Department within Adsa Disability Services Administrative. Their tenure dates to 2000, about 25 years as a full-time employee. In 2025, their total compensation was $111,377. Union affiliation: MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

MSOCS FC Redwood Falls

Base pay

$52,243

Overtime

$36,542

Other pay

$22,558

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,343

Hire date

2019-01-23

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

65

Union / bargaining unit

Health Care Non Professional

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Redwood

Janine Seehausen holds the role of Behavior Modification Assistant at Human Services Department within Msocs Fc Redwood Falls. Their tenure dates to 2019, about 5 years as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,343. They are represented by Health Care Non Professional.

Sub-department

BHDH Children's Mental Health

Base pay

$111,314

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,314

Hire date

2018-01-10

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Julie Neururer is a Human Services Program Consultant at Human Services Department within Bhdh Children's Mental Health. They have served since 2018 (about 7 years), working full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $111,314. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

CFS TES CCAP 1

Base pay

$107,634

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$3,673

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,307

Hire date

2007-05-30

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

21

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Stacia Rosas is a Human Services Supervisor 3 at Human Services Department within Cfs Tes Ccap 1. Their tenure dates to 2007, about 17 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $111,307. They are represented by Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

MSOP SP Health Services

Base pay

$109,832

Overtime

$232

Other pay

$1,236

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,300

Hire date

2016-03-09

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Nicollet

Erica Jasperson holds the role of Registered Nurse Senior at Human Services Department within Msop Sp Health Services. They have served since 2016 (about 8 years) as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,300. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

Forensics Grove C Nursing Admn

Base pay

$108,062

Overtime

$460

Other pay

$2,765

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,287

Hire date

2017-11-29

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Nicollet

Jessica Archer holds the role of Registered Nurse Senior at Human Services Department within Forensics Grove C Nursing Admn. They have served since 2017 (about 7 years) as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,287. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

AMRTC NOC Staff

Base pay

$84,403

Overtime

$10,983

Other pay

$15,816

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,201

Hire date

2023-05-10

Employment type

Part-Time

Pay grade

57

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

0.9

Work county

Anoka

Rebecca Ondicho is a Registered Nurse at Human Services Department within Amrtc Noc Staff. Hired in 2023, they have about a year of service, working part-time, 0.9 FTE. 2024 total compensation came to $111,201. Their bargaining unit is MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

MHSATS Greater MN RN Educators

Base pay

$111,143

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,143

Hire date

2017-06-14

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

60

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Kandiyohi

Richard Taylor is a Registered Nurse Principal at Human Services Department within Mhsats Greater MN Registered Nurse Educators. Their tenure dates to 2017, about 7 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $111,143. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

(I)MSOCS FC Fir Ave

Base pay

$58,046

Overtime

$33,530

Other pay

$19,469

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$111,045

Hire date

2020-04-29

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

65

Union / bargaining unit

Health Care Non Professional

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Otter Tail

Cara Alberts holds the role of Behavior Modification Assistant at Human Services Department within (I)Msocs Fc Fir Ave. Hired in 2020, they have about 4 years of service as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $111,045. Union affiliation: Health Care Non Professional.

Sub-department

CFS Children and Family Svcs

Base pay

$109,962

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,000

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,962

Hire date

2020-12-14

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

20

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Jerad Green holds the role of Dei Consultant Senior at Human Services Department within Cfs Children and Family Services. They have served since 2020 (about 4 years) as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $110,962. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

OIG LS Bkgrnd Studies Group IV

Base pay

$110,939

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,939

Hire date

2020-01-14

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

19

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

At Human Services Department, Isabella Eastwood serves as a Staff Attorney 2 within Oig Ls Bkgrnd Studies Group IV. They have served since 2020 (about 5 years), working full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $110,939. Union affiliation: MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

CFS TES CCAP Supervisor 2

Base pay

$93,491

Overtime

$16,410

Other pay

$1,000

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,901

Hire date

2017-08-07

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

14

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Victoria Evans is a Human Services Program Representative 2 at Human Services Department within Cfs Tes Ccap Supervisor 2. Hired in 2017, they have about 7 years of service, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $110,901. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

Utility Pool C

Base pay

$53,752

Overtime

$55,628

Other pay

$1,489

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,869

Hire date

2015-12-16

Employment type

Part-Time

Pay grade

69

Union / bargaining unit

Health Care Non Professional

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

0.9

Work county

Nicollet

John Brown holds the role of Security Counselor at Human Services Department within Utility Pool C. Hired in 2015, they have about 9 years of service as a part-time, 0.9 FTE employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $110,869. Union affiliation: Health Care Non Professional.

Sub-department

CABHS Willmar Nursing

Base pay

$107,940

Overtime

$442

Other pay

$2,469

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,851

Hire date

2018-12-12

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Kandiyohi

Lexa Hatlestad holds the role of Registered Nurse Senior at Human Services Department within Cabhs Willmar Nursing. Hired in 2018, they have about 6 years of service as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $110,851. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

OIG Deputy Insp Gen F&FAI

Base pay

$110,851

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,851

Hire date

2022-09-06

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

19

Union / bargaining unit

Manager

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Stephanie Borscheid is a Human Services Manager 3 at Human Services Department within Oig Deputy Inspector General F&Fai. Their tenure dates to 2022, about 3 years, working full-time. 2025 total compensation came to $110,851. They are represented by Manager.

Sub-department

MHSATS Quality Staff

Base pay

$109,337

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,500

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,837

Hire date

2021-11-17

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Tammy Buck works as a Registered Nurse Senior for Human Services Department within Mhsats Quality Staff. Hired in 2021, they have about 3 years of service as a full-time employee. Tammy earned $110,837 in 2024. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

DHS Leg Affairs Staff

Base pay

$109,801

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,000

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,801

Hire date

2015-01-12

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Nicole Juan holds the role of Human Services Program Consultant at Human Services Department within DHS Leg Affairs Staff. Hired in 2015, they have about 10 years of service as a full-time employee. In 2025, their total compensation was $110,801. Their bargaining unit is MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

Unit C

Base pay

$60,773

Overtime

$46,919

Other pay

$3,104

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,796

Hire date

2022-03-30

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

65

Union / bargaining unit

Health Care Non Professional

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Anoka

Christiana Akinpelu is a Mental Health Program Assistant at Human Services Department within Unit C. Their tenure dates to 2022, about 2 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $110,796. Union affiliation: Health Care Non Professional.

Sub-department

CFS CS&P DepDirOperStaff

Base pay

$109,795

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,000

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,795

Hire date

2005-03-23

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

15

Union / bargaining unit

Manager

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Jennifer Strei is a Human Services Manager 1 at Human Services Department within Cfs Cs&P Depdiroperstaff. They have served since 2005 (about 19 years), working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $110,795. Union affiliation: Manager.

Sub-department

DCT Facilities Spv

Base pay

$110,793

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,793

Hire date

2016-04-06

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

15

Union / bargaining unit

Manager

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Nicollet

David Lutterman is a Physical Plant Operations Manager at Human Services Department within Dct Facilities Supervisor. Their tenure dates to 2016, about 8 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $110,793. They are represented by Manager.

Sub-department

MSOP ML Program Manager(s)

Base pay

$107,634

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$3,120

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,754

Hire date

2004-04-12

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

21

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Carlton

At Human Services Department, Susan Johnson serves as a State Program Administrative Director within Msop Ml Program Manager(S). Their tenure dates to 2004, about 20 years, working full-time. Their 2024 pay totaled $110,754. Union affiliation: Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

HCA HCEO Partner Relations

Base pay

$107,634

Overtime

$1,438

Other pay

$1,600

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,672

Hire date

2005-02-14

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

21

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Nekheti Nefer-Ra works as a Human Services Supervisor 3 for Human Services Department within Hca Hceo Partner Relations. Their tenure dates to 2005, about 19 years as a full-time employee. Nekheti earned $110,672 in 2024. Their bargaining unit is Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

Forensic Nursing Home A

Base pay

$102,232

Overtime

$4,592

Other pay

$3,808

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,631

Hire date

2018-10-31

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

57

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Nicollet

Rechelle Chader holds the role of Registered Nurse at Human Services Department within Forensic Nursing Home A. Hired in 2018, they have about 6 years of service as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $110,631. Their bargaining unit is MN Nurses Association.

Sub-department

BHDH DHHS Supervisor

Base pay

$109,122

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,300

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,422

Hire date

2011-01-07

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Teika Pakalns works as a Human Services Program Consultant for Human Services Department within Bhdh Dhhs Supervisor. They have served since 2011 (about 14 years) as a full-time employee. Teika earned $110,422 in 2025. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

BHDH MCDHH Mgmt

Base pay

$109,118

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,300

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,418

Hire date

2021-06-28

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Danelle Gournaris holds the role of Human Services Program Consultant at Human Services Department within Bhdh Mcdhh Management. Their tenure dates to 2021, about 4 years as a full-time employee. In 2025, their total compensation was $110,418. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

ADSA AG/AS Senior LinkAge Line

Base pay

$109,118

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,234

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,352

Hire date

2005-04-25

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

At Human Services Department, David Wallace serves as a Human Services Program Consultant within Adsa Ag/As Senior Linkage Line. They have served since 2005 (about 20 years), working full-time. Their 2025 pay totaled $110,352. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

MSOP ML Residential SupComplex

Base pay

$102,657

Overtime

$2,871

Other pay

$4,804

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,332

Hire date

2007-02-12

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

20

Union / bargaining unit

Middle Management Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Carlton

Tammy Shelton is a Group Supervisor at Human Services Department within Msop Ml Residential Supcomplex. Their tenure dates to 2007, about 17 years, working full-time. 2024 total compensation came to $110,332. They are represented by Middle Management Association.

Sub-department

BHDH MCDHH Staff

Base pay

$109,118

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,200

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,318

Hire date

2021-04-12

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Alicia Lane holds the role of Human Services Program Consultant at Human Services Department within Bhdh Mcdhh Staff. Hired in 2021, they have about 4 years of service as a full-time employee. In 2025, their total compensation was $110,318. Their bargaining unit is MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

FOD Accounting

Base pay

$109,259

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$1,000

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,259

Hire date

2012-01-09

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

17

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Michael Hietpas works as a Accounting Officer Coordinator for Human Services Department within Fod Accounting. They have served since 2012 (about 13 years) as a full-time employee. Michael earned $110,259 in 2025. They are represented by MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

HCA AC

Base pay

$110,249

Overtime

$0

Other pay

$0

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,249

Hire date

2021-02-17

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

20

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Ramsey

Ana Ashby works as a Human Services Program Coordinator for Human Services Department within Hca Ac. They have served since 2021 (about 3 years) as a full-time employee. Ana earned $110,249 in 2024. Their bargaining unit is MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

MSOCS FC Pine Island

Base pay

$61,603

Overtime

$32,586

Other pay

$16,046

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,235

Hire date

2007-10-10

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

5

Union / bargaining unit

MN Assoc of Professional Empl

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

Goodhue

At Human Services Department, Keith Wartsbaugh serves as a Skills Development Specialist within Msocs Fc Pine Island. Hired in 2007, they have about 17 years of service, working full-time. Their 2024 pay totaled $110,235. Union affiliation: MN Assoc of Professional Empl.

Sub-department

CARE Fergus Falls Nursing

Base pay

$102,479

Overtime

$6,793

Other pay

$930

Benefits

$0

Total compensation

$110,202

Hire date

2019-09-16

Employment type

Full-Time

Pay grade

58

Union / bargaining unit

MN Nurses Association

Pay basis

Hourly

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

1

Work county

-

Sarah Mccain holds the role of Registered Nurse Senior at Human Services Department within Care Fergus Falls Nursing. They have served since 2019 (about 5 years) as a full-time employee. In 2024, their total compensation was $110,202. They are represented by MN Nurses Association.